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Douglas Labs

Glucosamine Sulfate
by Douglas Labs
90 Capsules

Supports Healthy Joints And Connective Tissue*

Our Price: $17.00

Glucosamine Sulfate, provided by Douglas Laboratories, is a well-absorbed source of glucosamine, an important precursor for the synthesis and maintenance of connective tissues.*

FUNCTIONS
Glucosamine is a naturally occurring amino sugar found ubiquitously in glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans. Glycosaminoglycans, formerly named mucopolysaccharides, are an integral component of all connective tissues.*

Connective tissue, a fibrous type of body tissue, has various functions. It supports and connects internal organs (ligaments), forms bones, cartilage, and the walls of blood vessels, attaches muscles to bones (tendons), and replaces other types of tissues following injury. The two main components of connective tissue are collagen and proteoglycans. Collagen is the strong, fibrous protein that physically connects our tissues. Proteoglycans are large carbohydrate-rich structures, resembling a bottlebrush in three-dimensional structure, i.e., a central protein rod with many strings of glucosamine-containing glycosaminoglycans extending outwards. Proteoglycans hold large amounts of water, forming a stiff gel by virtue of their dense negative charges from sulfates. Proteoglycans are linked to collagen fibers to help form connective tissues, and proteoglycans provide resiliency, load distribution, shock-absorption, and compressive and lubricating properties to connective tissues and joints.*

Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans are continuously, albeit slow, remodeled in connective tissues with turnover half-lives of almost two years in healthy human joints. Turnover is accelerated in wound healing, arthritic joints, and burns. New synthesis of glycosaminoglycans has clinical importance in skin during normal wound healing, in bone during fracture repair and osteoporosis; and in joints. In these instances, glycosaminoglycan synthesis is necessary for healing, and enhancement of glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan deposition may improve tissue repair. Glycosaminoglycans are synthesized primarily by fibroblasts (skin, tendons, ligaments), osteoblasts (bone), and chondrocytes (cartilage). Thus, the cell’s ability to manufacture glycosaminoglycans and secrete proteoglycans is crucial during any healing or joint disease process. The availability of glucosamine is the key, rate-limiting step in glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan synthesis in all connective tissues, such as skin, bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Only with sufficient glucosamine can the synthesis proceed.*

The body has a long metabolic pathway to synthesize a glucosamine derivative, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, which is used for glycosaminoglycan synthesis. In addition, exogenous, e.g., dietary, glucosamine serves as an immediate precursor for glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and also stimulates incorporation of other precursors into the connective tissue matrix.*

Glucosamine is almost universally found in small amounts in most foods. However, bioavailability of glucosamine from foods is largely unknown. Bioavailability of oral glucosamine sulfate is excellent. It is absorbed intact, and utilized very quickly by all tissues, including connective tissues. Glucosamine sulfate is more efficiently used for connective tissue metabolism than other glucosamine sources, such as cartilage extracts or chondroitin sulfate.

In summary, glucosamine sulfate is a well recognized, highly effective source of glucosamine for glycosaminogly-can and proteoglycan synthesis in all connective tissues, such as skin, tendons, ligaments, bone, and cartilage.*

INDICATIONS
Glucosamine sulfate capsules may be a useful nutritional adjunct for individuals who wish to support the body’s connective tissues, such as skin, tendons, ligaments, bone, and cartilage.*

PLEASE NOTE: While the capsules in this product are vegetarian, it DOES contain shellfish

Supplement Facts Serving Size: One (1) Capsule Servings Per Container: 90

	Amount Per Serving	Daily Value
Glucosamine (Glucosamine Sulfate 2KC1) From Crab and Shrimp	500 mg	**

** Daily Value Not Established. Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.

Other Ingredients

Cellulose, Stearates (Vegetable Source)

Suggested Use

As a dietary supplement, one (1) capsule three (3) times daily, or more as directed by a physician. Best with meals.

Warnings

Keep out of the reach of children. ... Store in a cool, dry place. ... Do not use if outer seal is missing. ... If you have allergies to shellfish you should not use this product.

Allergen Info

This product contains NO yeast, wheat gluten, soy protein, milk/dairy, corn, sodium, sugar, starch, artificial coloring, preservatives or flavoring. ... This product DOES contain shellfish.

Applicable Functions

Joint Comfort, Joint Health, Joint Mobility, Joint Pain

Related Structure Groups

Connective Tissue, Joints

REFERENCES

Böhmer D, Ambrus P, Szögy A, and Haralambie G. Treatment of chondropathia patellae in young athletes with glucosamine sulfate. In: Current Topics Sports Medicine (Bachl N et al., eds.) Urban & Schwarzenberg, Vienna, 1984, p.799.

Crolle G, and D’Este E. Glucosamine sulfate for the management of arthrosis: a controlled clinical investigation. Curr. Res. Med. Opin. 1980; 7:104.

D’Ambrosio E, Casa B, Bompani R, Scali G, and Scali R. Glucosamine sulfate: a controlled clinical investigation in arthrosis. Pharmatherapeutica 1981; 2:504.

Drovanti A, Bignamini AA, and Rovati AL. Therapeutic activity of oral glucosamine sulfate in osteoarthritis: a placebo-controlled double-blind investigation. Clin. Ther. 1980; 3:260.

Lopes Vaz A. Double-blind clinical evaluation of the relative efficacy of ibuprofin and glucosamine sulfate in the management of osteoarthrosis of the knee in outpatients. Curr. Res. Med. Opin.1982; 8:145.

Pujalte JM, Llavore EP, and Ylescupidez FR. Double-blind clinical evaluation of oral glucosamine sulfate in the basic treatment of osteoarthrosis. Curr. Res. Med. Opin.1980; 7:110.

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